The RDA republishes many NCEP data products. Users with urgent data needs during extended RDA downtimes may obtain the data directly from NCEP servers.
The 10-day archive of GFS products (including GDAS/FNL analysis grids) can be found at the real-time site http://www.nco.ncep.noaa.gov/pmb/products/gfs/
GDAS data up to ~ 9 months old may be found at this online archive https://nomads.ncdc.noaa.gov/data/gdas/ (which may be decommissioned soon.)
THREDDS users can use https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/thredds/model/model.html
Older data can be requested from this long-term archive https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/model-data
Some of the data is available for immediate download. For example, you can obtain GFS analysis files from ftp://nomads.ncdc.noaa.gov/GFS/analysis_only/201803/20180315/
Note that data read from tape is organized and delivered in daily (01Jan2001–21Feb2012) or hourly (13Feb2012-present) tar files that can be very large and include things that you may not need. For instance, one 6-hourly GDAS tar file is 47 GB and includes the initial hour and all forecast hours for global 0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 degree resolution grids.
https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/model-data/model-datasets/global-data-assimilation-system-gdas
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